15-minute cities are increasing in popularity, but they are not without controversy. What design considerations should authorities apply to maximize sustainability and practicality?

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The 15-minute city concept is an idea where all residents can walk, bike, or use public transport to reach everyday destinations in no more than 15 minutes. Supporters say developing these options in urban areas could improve people’s health, reduce emissions, and increase community engagement. However, implementing them requires careful planning and ongoing collaboration, especially since individuals often find cities difficult to live in without driving or settling for long bus rides.

This article explores what urban planners should do to overcome these obstacles and how concerned citizens can support them.

Pros and Cons of Existing Destinations

Some urban planners believe the best approach is to build 15-minute cities from scratch. Although that would overcome many obstacles stemming from infrastructure-related shortcomings, it is not always a viable option.

A more accessible solution may be to find locations with obvious potential that still have unworkable downsides. Then, planners can identify characteristics that make cities more or less suitable for the 15-minute urban design concept.

Envisioning the World’s Largest 15-Minute City

David Staley, a professor at the Ohio State University, has detailed his dream of turning the capital Columbus into the world’s largest 15-minute city. Staley is not in an influential city-planning role, but his insights could inspire designers to consider many proposed recommendations and apply them to real-life projects.

For example, he suggested creating neighbourhood microschools containing a maximum of 125 students and locating them along the city’s Capital Line – a dedicated path for bicyclists and pedestrians.

Staley also points out that he can bike to the nearest grocery store in about 20 minutes, but the route has almost no protected lanes, and more than half the trip lacks footpaths. These two examples highlight how planners must work to make it easier and safer for people to reach their destinations without cars.

According to him, microhubs are an essential element of the 15-minute city vision. Describing them as featuring managed outdoor areas, retail outlets, schools and offices, Staley suggested making them central to each neighbourhood and prioritizing areas where residents have little or no access to fresh, nutritious food.

Staley acknowledged that Columbus would need to update its zoning laws to permit mixed-use spaces and that success requires extensive resources and a willingness to overcome resistance. Whether challenging or not, examining the factors that contribute to or pose challenges to a future 15-minute city can inspire planners to find feasible solutions.

Design for Accessibility

One of the problems with the 15-minute city is that it assumes people can walk, ride bikes or use public transport to reach their destinations. Reducing car dependence should cause cleaner air and associated health benefits, which is vital considering 7 million people die from air pollution-linked conditions annually. However, some of these options are not always feasible for people with disabilities. Even with adequate public transportation infrastructure, established policies may make using it prohibitively inconvenient.

In some cities, users must book trips in advance and cannot merely turn up at their desired station or stop. It is also all too easy to find examples of those with disabilities who asked for assistance through the proper channels and did not receive it. These outcomes cause considerable stress and disappointment, especially when these failures mean those affected are late to time-sensitive appointments or cannot attend.

Designers can look at examples of 15-minute cities and see how well – or poorly – they work for people with disabilities. An important thing to remember is these individuals are already prevalent in society, and someone can become disabled at any time. Sometimes, ageing causes that result, or disability occurs due to accidents. These realities mean city planners should think ahead and realize better accessibility benefits everyone.

Footpaths in Barcelona

In one case, three researchers in the Spanish city of Barcelona looked at the condition of footpaths, recognizing that when this infrastructure is highly functional and safe, people can use it with mobility aids without worrying that they might trip. 

The trio created a flexible framework that examines the suitability of footpath networks against the limitations of those with moderate mobility constraints. They found that while Barcelona is a pedestrian-friendly city, it does not meet the 15-minute city concept because it does not provide adequate service to those using the footpaths.

Specifically, the framework scores were insufficient in slope, width and pedestrian hazard levels. Addressing these shortcomings would mean creating new locations for essential services and amenities – such as food shops, pharmacies and social-welfare branches – and improving access to existing ones.

Incorporating Sustainable Aspects

Some especially ambitious design teams aspire to build 15-minute cities by revitalizing unused locations. Such is the case in Athens, Greece, where teams are working on an extensive urban regeneration project with a 15-minute city component.

The Ellinikon is a pioneering effort to turn the former site of Athens International Airport into a 15-minute city with shops, workplaces, residents, and cultural activities within a 2-million-square-metre park. The first completed segment surrounds three of the former airport’s historic, listed hangars. It features rain gardens for stormwater management, a conscious use of natural materials, and repurposed surfaces that became benches and paths.

The developers will eventually turn this part of the project into Europe’s largest coastal park, featuring over 31,000 trees representing 86 species and more than one million Mediterranean plants. Additionally, the Ellinikon’s first major landmark is the Riviera Tower, built with a climate-conscious, future-proof design with an advanced biophilic exterior and sustainably designed interiors. These thoughtful considerations show how designers can stay mindful of the planet while working with preexisting site aspects and finding the best ways to create beautiful, enjoyable environments for residents and visitors.

Bringing Amenities Closer to the People

Some opponents of the 15-minute concept worry that these locations could exacerbate community division and inequality if planners do not make them accessible to low-income groups. Although that is one potential downside, these options would likely become more affordable to those who can afford the average cost of living there by allowing them to eliminate once-essential expenses.

In 2022, drivers in the US paying average rates for car insurance had to spend nearly $180 monthly to keep their coverage. Although much of the U.S. is notoriously very car-centric, European residents often have much different experiences, even in smaller cities. Paths for walking and biking are well-maintained, and people can frequently walk or take public transport to virtually every location.

Pedestrian-Friendly Paris

Efforts to turn the French capital of Paris into a 15-minute city show some inspiring and creative approaches to shorten the distances between amenities and those using them. In an article promoting his book, Carlos Moreno – who coined the titular term in 2015 – mentioned some of the strategies that have made the City of Lights more pedestrian-friendly and sustainable.

One was to redevelop places like offices that were only used part of the time into multiuse spaces. A former administrative building now contains a covered market, a preschool, an art gallery and a gym, among other attractions, allowing residents to satisfy many of their needs at a single location.

Additionally, the city now has 200 mini parks created by repurposing spaces to improve access. Residents can now access public school playgrounds on weekends, too.

Supporting the 15-Minute City

Although a 15-minute city is not a cure-all, these examples show it could address many of the issues characterizing modern cities while improving sustainability and people’s well-being. Starting conversations is a good first step, and designers should work around residents’ concerns to make their projects as accessible and equitable as possible.

Residents should remain aware of and attend meetings or other public events about 15-minute cities and give feedback about proposals. Supporting adjacent improvements like public transport expansions and footpath improvements also gets them closer to more convenient ideals, even though it may take years to reach them.

Featured image: Nerea Martí Sesarino/Unsplash.

The post 15-Minute Cities: Designing Urban Spaces for Sustainability and Well-Being appeared first on Earth.Org.

Extreme droughts, flooding, and major storms – increasingly supercharged by climate change – have led to widespread yield losses and increasing threats to the global food supply. Yet, food production is also among the greatest drivers of these atmospheric changes, making climate-smart agriculture a pressing necessity.

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Conventional farming practices, poor livestock management and excessive fertilizer application all emit significant amounts of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions into the atmosphere. Currently, the livestock industry generates 7.1 gigatons of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) each year, or some 14.5% of all human GHG emissions worldwide.

Cattle is the biggest culprit, releasing 4.6 gigatons of CO2 – 2.5 GT from beef and 2.1 GT from dairy cows. Methane is especially high from cattle belching, which accounts for 14-16% of global GHG emissions.

Overuse of fertilizers also causes environmental harm, such as polluting waterways and air quality, hindering soil health, and leading to biodiversity loss. Inorganic, nitrogen-based fertilizers – a primary source of non-CO2 gases – and manure are responsible for 70% of ammonia emissions worldwide.

Emissions generated from agriculture and other human practices increase global temperatures and alter weather patterns, making extreme events like floods and droughts more frequent and intense; but they also impact food security, lowering crop yields and disrupting growing seasons. According to one study, human-induced climate change has slowed agricultural production by 21% since 1961 – the same as losing seven years of productivity. Warmer regions like Africa, the Caribbean and Latin America have been hit hardest, enduring a 26-34% reduction.

Adopting climate-smart farming practices is imperative to protect the environment, enhance harvests and ensure food security. The urgency of attaining a resilient and stable food supply is especially critical as experts predict the global population will surpass 10 billion people by the mid-2080s.

What Is Climate-Smart Agriculture?

Climate-smart agriculture promotes adequate resource utilization and farm management to respond to the pressing impacts of the climate crisis.

The world’s poor mostly live in rural areas, whose economies heavily rely on agriculture. The climate-smart farming approach helps smallholder farmers improve decision-making for greater productivity, taking into account local conditions and requiring a holistic approach based on current and future climate change effects and viable adaptation strategies. 

Improving Resource Use Efficiency

The adage “less is more” applies to smart agriculture through precision farming. The idea is to decrease consumption and minimize waste without compromising crop yields. Technologies like variable rate irrigation and targeted fertilization ensure resources end up where growers need them the most, limiting excess and avoiding harmful runoff. Appropriate tillage and cover cropping also improve soil fertility, water retention, and nutrient cycling, creating healthier crops with less dependence on external inputs.

Research shows that using more precise amounts of fertilizer ingredients improves growth. For instance, one study used a highly specific mixture of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, which resulted in a 42.42% increase in lettuce yields. Additionally, the right nitrogen and phosphorus levels increase sugar and vitamin C in the plant, proving balance is crucial for quantity and quality.

Potassium is critical for soil health, too. Without enough, plant roots will have difficulty retaining water and receiving the proper nutrients for growth.

Enhancing Resilience and Adaptation 

Climate-smart farms build resistance and adapt to climate change impacts. They require growers to diversify their crops and livestock to diminish climate-induced susceptibilities, such as droughts, disease and pest infestations.

Mixed farming and agroforestry – in which crops, trees, and livestock interact for more yields and less ecological impact – have demonstrated biodiversity and yield gains in 80% of cases, benefiting people and the environment. For instance, tall trees might provide shading to a cornfield while chickens roam and eat bugs.

Using climate-resilient crops and livestock is another viable approach to improving yields and reducing food insecurity. One study found that stress-tolerant beans, pigeon peas, maize and sorghum improved household diet diversity by 40% while improving food availability by 75%. Livestock like Red Maasai sheep and Galla goats achieved the same by 38% and 90%, respectively.

You might also like: The Future of Farming: Can We Feed the World Without Destroying It?

Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions 

Although adapting to climate-related changes is crucial for crop production, it is equally important for the agriculture sector to reduce its GHG emissions through climate-smart farming in the following ways:

• Fertilizer management: Limit emissions and pollution through more precise applications and organic solutions.
• Livestock management: Improve feed efficiency and animal waste management to reduce methane.
• Land management: Practice afforestation and no-till farming to strengthen soil carbon stocks.
• Renewable energy: Integrate solar-powered irrigation and biogas production to decrease fossil fuel demand.

According to the Argonne National Laboratory, these smart agriculture techniques could lower GHGs from grain production alone by up to 70% by 2036.

Climate-Smart Farming Practices in Action

Global producers have already embraced climate-smart agriculture practices, understanding that lowering their footprint matters for food stability. In places like Africa and Asia, where climate change impacts have struck the hardest, these principles have paved the way for a more sustainable farming system.

Conservation Agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa

Conservation agriculture has been slow to launch in Sub-Saharan Africa, but smallholder farmers who have implemented sustainable methods have reaped the rewards. In one analysis, researchers found that farmers in Ethiopia used conservation agriculture to prevent erosion and enrich the soil while also harvesting rainwater for dry seasons. Meanwhile, Tanzanian farmers have succeeded in intercropping various beans, legumes, and cereal crops as scientists and farmers in Ghana are improving seed varieties to develop different types of maize.

Agroforestry in Southeast Asia

Asian producers have widely implemented agroforestry to enhance agricultural land use and productivity. According to research, agroforestry covers 77.8% of farmland in Southeast Asia. It also appears across 50.5% of agricultural land in East Asia, 27% in South Asia, and 23.6% in Northern and Central Asia.

Precision Irrigation in California

Known for extended droughts and wildfire susceptibility, California has turned to precision irrigation and smart farming techniques to increase crop yields and limit resource use. In one study, its growers used soil sensors to measure moisture content in almond orchards. They reduced water consumption by 33% for irrigation while maintaining optimal yields.

The Role of Technology and Innovation in Smart Agriculture

Technological advancements have driven smart agriculture toward climate resilience, yet not everyone is on board. As of 2023, only 27% of US farms use precision farming to manage crops and livestock, despite it being available since the 1990s. Emerging developments in precision technology include remote sensing to measure crop conditions, in-ground sensors for real-time insights into soil conditions, targeted spray systems and automated mechanical weeders.

All-terrain vehicles with artificial intelligence and machine learning integrations have also improved crop yields by 15-20% and farming operational efficiency by 20-25%. This equipment can navigate uneven ground without damaging crops for essential farm tasks.

Other technologies enhancing climate-smart agriculture include automation and robotics for harvesting, planting, and sorting, including livestock. For instance, robotics has been assisting with sorting produce and dairy cows to improve the momentum and consistency of repetitive tasks. Likewise, genetic engineering has increased crop resistance against disease, pests and inclement weather to enhance food security in vulnerable parts of the world.

Challenges and Considerations for Future Climate-Smart Agriculture

Although climate-smart farming offers a positive outlook for transforming conventional agriculture, producers face several hurdles and barriers to its implementation, such as high initial costs, a lack of policy support and limited knowledge.

Overcoming these burdens requires a multifaceted approach, with comprehensive education and training to teach essential sustainable farming skills. Government-backed incentives, investments, and policy reform will also encourage the uniform adoption and acceptance of such farming changes. Likewise, engineers must continue to advance technologies geared toward smart agriculture to enable producers to resist climate change impacts on crop production.

Climate-Smart Farming Promises a Food-Secure Tomorrow

The agriculture sector can no longer ignore its impact on climate change. Adopting climate-smart agriculture practices is critical for a sustainable future and robust food supply. Although the future may seem grim as this transition is in its infancy, smart farming technologies aim to expedite progress for greener crop production.

The post Climate-Smart Agriculture: Adapting Farming Practices to a Changing Climate appeared first on Earth.Org.

The new year is a great time to set new goals and intentions for yourself. If you wish to change something this year, consider making some eco-friendly swaps in your day-to-day life. Here are a few ideas to get you started on living a more sustainable life.

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The new year is a great time to set new goals and intentions for yourself. If you need help figuring out what to change in the new year, here are some sustainable new year’s resolutions to get you started.

1. Go plant-based

Going plant-based is better for your wallet, the environment, and your health. These diets can help treat chronic conditions and may eliminate some symptoms by offering lower cholesterol and better digestion. Indeed, studies show that plant-based diets can lower cholesterol more easily than a low-fat ones, making it an excellent choice for anyone who wants to improve their health. You may also notice clearer skin after switching to a plant-based diet.

Red meat might be one of the worst foods for sustainable living, as animals like cows take up so many resources while releasing methane gas into the atmosphere. Around 26% of emissions in the atmosphere come from food production and livestock farming makes up over 50% of that amount.

Plants produce a tiny fraction of that gas, making plant-based protein sources the better option for any household that wants to put the Earth first. Even if you don’t cut out meat entirely, you can start by eating less meat overall and introducing some plant-only meal days into your week. 

While planning out your groceries for your plant-based meals, consider also searching for ways to cut down on food waste. Food waste in landfills can contribute to greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere. Furthermore, the food that gets wasted takes up nearly 25% of the world’s water supply, leading to billions of dollars in wasted water. Once you understand how much of something you need to make a serving, you’ll be able to estimate how much food you need, so none of it goes to waste.

2. Ditch fast fashion

Fast fashion is all too easy to take part in. Because of the cheap price and generally low quality of fast fashion items, a study has found that, while clothing sales doubled from 100 to 200 billion units a year between 2000 and 2015, the average number of times an item was worn decreased by 36%. If you partake in fast fashion, you can kick the difficult habit by tackling a no-spend month. A no-spend month eliminates all your spending other than the essentials. By abstaining from non-essential purchases, you should be able to save more money and contribute it toward a financial goal you care about.

You will start to wear your clothes more and you can learn more about which pieces you are in love with and which you just bought because they were trendy, which can guide your future purchases. You will also better understand where your money goes – and you can research the brands you typically buy from to ensure they put the environment first.

About 74% of people surveyed in a 2021 study said they do not consider environmental factors when buying new clothing. If people stopped to think about how garments could serve them in the long term, they might spend less on several low-quality pieces and more on clothing items that will last a while. When you save money for larger or more expensive purchases, you can turn your back on brands that don’t meet your sustainability requirements.

You might also like: 17 Sustainable Fashion Brands to Support

3. Make your home more energy-efficient

One of the best ways to work toward a brighter future is to make adjustments to your home to make it more environmentally friendly. For example, check your insulation if your energy bills increase over time. Proper insulation can save you money on your heating and cooling bills. To ensure your home is adequately insulated, replace your weatherstripping, which will help prevent heat from escaping all areas of your home, even your garage.

If you want to upgrade your home even more, consider adding something more permanent, like solar panels. Solar panels have low maintenance costs, so once you get past the installation price, they should pay for themselves in no time. Make it a financial goal and you’ll see it pay off for you in the future.

If you want to learn more about how to make your home more sustainable: How to Lower Your Carbon Footprint Through An Eco-Friendly Home Audit

4. Value experiences over items

The gift-giving industry has a significant hold on many individuals, especially those who think they must give friends and family members a gift to show how much they love them. Around 30 million trees are cut down to become wrapping paper during the year’s busiest season. The average person gives over 15 gifts yearly, which can add to the waste after the holiday season.

Many people value experiences over possessions, making an experience gift perfect for your wish-list or for giving to someone else. You can give your loved ones a trip to the zoo with their kids or spring for a romantic dinner for two for your parents to have a date night. An experience will surely matter more to a gift recipient than possessions they may grow tired of. After all, memories are forever.

5. Ditch cosmetics

The beauty industry is worth over $570 billion, which makes it a major sector with a lot of influence. Since it’s such a big industry, people might buy items they don’t need because they don’t look the way a filter or airbrushing makes them look.

Filters becoming the norm in social media have had a detrimental effect, as people may not be able to tell reality from filters and want to alter themselves to look like the latest trend. They may rely on makeup to achieve an unachievable look. Beauty products might say they’re not harmful, but many have been linked to reproductive issues in women who use them.

You may have animal-based ingredients in your cosmetics that you don’t know about. Shark liver oil is featured in many anti-aging products in the form of squalene. Many brands also test on animals, so going cruelty-free or not using beauty products at all might be the only way to get away from harmful practices. Learning to love yourself more in your natural state could be better for you and the environment.

Working with makeup does not have to be detrimental to you or the environment. You could shift to brands that have made proven strides toward sustainability, from their packaging to their ingredients. Swapping to sustainable brands is a great way to try out new self-care or beauty products while putting your money in the right direction.

Try These Sustainable Practices This Year

The start of a new year is a perfect time to make adjustments and the more you learn about yourself, the easier it’ll be to change things for the better. Taking even one step toward sustainability is commendable. Take care of the world and you’ll take care of yourself.

This article was originally published on February 3, 2025.

The post 5 Ways to Live a More Sustainable Life in 2025 appeared first on Earth.Org.

Well-planned landscape architecture is essential in urban environments, where residents often lack places to enjoy nature, breathe fresh air and exercise outdoors. But landscape architects are also increasingly focused on urban resilience – or the ability of a city and its institutions to thrive despite constant changes and the threats of natural and human-caused disasters.

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A city designed for urban resilience has a built-in capacity to maintain its stability and recover quickly from unexpected events. Some of the biggest challenges facing modern cities include climate change, population growth, resource scarcity, and air pollution.

Landscape architects can develop solutions that address many of these issues while focusing on urban resilience and sustainability. A critical role of landscape architecture is creating pleasant places where people want to spend time and encourage others to join them. However, those designing these purposeful public spaces must also ensure they do not negatively affect ecosystems and they can withstand the challenges of the future. Otherwise, parks and other planned outdoor spaces could bear the adverse consequences of events such as floods, wildfires, and extreme heat.

Some urban resilience specialists are also identifying ways to restore already damaged ecosystems. In Barranquilla, Colombia, planners are tackling the pollution in Leon Creek, which runs through the city’s center. Participants are reviving some 600 hectares of swampland that creates a natural barrier between the sea and the city, protecting its inhabitants against impending rising ocean levels. This effort involves planting more than 250,000 trees and creating more than 200,000 square meters of public space, according to the UN Environment Programme.

The Role of Landscape Architecture

Landscape architecture combines science, design, architecture, engineering and art to create sustainable public spaces for everyone to enjoy. Numerous aspects increase the appeal of these public space projects – from intentional design, clear signage and well-maintained natural features to safety features like good lighting and handrails. Community events like classes or festivals as well as programs and amenities that promote connection with nature are also key.

Landscape architecture can also improve the lives of people living along city streets. Teams associated with a non-profit organization in Portland, Oregon, planted 49,246 trees along city streets between 1990 and 2019, tracking when and where they planted each one. When researchers published the results in 2022, they found each tree caused a 20% reduction in non-accidental mortality rates and a 6% decline in cardiovascular deaths. Additionally, researchers found the association strengthened as the trees grew, highlighting the importance of preserving existing urban trees whenever possible.

You might also like: How Cities Are Bracing For More Heat

Case Study: Munich, Germany

Researchers performed work centered on urban spaces in Munich, Germany, and how various aspects affect the surrounding flora and fauna. They examined 103 public squares and assessed factors such as the size, amount of artificial light, and abundance of plants, trees and grassy areas.

The results, published in late 20204, varied tremendously depending on whether landscape architects opted for more enclosed spaces or for open and park-like space. One location in the former category had only 20 species counted, while another with numerous bushes, hedges, and trees contained 156.

Almost all identified species benefited from grassy spaces because they contain soil organisms that birds and hedgehogs eat. However, some variations existed, with particular species enjoying the city center’s heat and others finding refuge in its cooler outlying areas. 

Rather than applying the same urban landscape architecture principles to every location by following a set pattern, the team recommended that professionals maximize biodiversity benefits by accounting for local conditions and species’ needs. 

Intentional choices can attract wildlife and make these destinations more pleasant and interesting for humans. That is especially true if some take advantage of the educational opportunities of sharing spaces with the area’s creatures and plant life. 

Designing Sustainable Public Spaces

As planners design public space projects, they learn how strategically included elements can have major payoffs. For example, statistics show green roofs offer a 224% return on investment. They also last longer than conventional roofs and can be simple to maintain, depending on the type. These additions are ideal for promoting urban resilience because they can reduce greenhouse gas emissions and air pollutants.

Similarly, green walls let landscape architects take advantage of vertical space. Some innovators are making it easier than ever to integrate these into public urban spaces. 

One example comes from a German-Austrian team that developed modular green walls weighing under 50 kilograms per square meter, which allow people to add or remove plants attached to panels. In addition to bringing green walls to areas lacking suitable architecture, this method lets planners choose greenery depending on how much sun an urban spot receives.

Permeable pavements and rain gardens promote urban resilience and sustainability, too. Both options reduce stormwater runoff, while rain gardens are low-maintenance spaces that attract wildlife.

Indian officials in Hyderabad, the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Telangana, believe installing permeable pavements in public areas will address Greater Hyderabad’s groundwater depletion problem. Last year, they announced a pilot project involving a public sidewalk. If authorities deem that effort successful, they may require all new paved areas to include permeable materials. The upcoming project also sources surface materials from recycled construction and demolition waste, allowing participating locations to engage in the circular economy.

Case Study: New York City

Rising population growth can prevent urban residents from easily accessing public spaces. However, a project led by the New York City Department of Transportation highlights how the most sustainable way to invest in urban resilience may be to establish partnerships that share the duties of keeping these locations welcoming and functional.

Authorities launched a first-of-its-kind pedestrian plaza program in 2009 catering to people living in neighborhoods with insufficient public spaces. The authors of a 2023 study examined the outcomes of five plazas in Brooklyn and Queens. In these instances, Department of Transportation officials bear responsibility for designing and building the plaza, while partner organizations manage and maintain these locations. Additionally, the first plaza-creation phase relies on community input, and planners ask the public for their opinions on proposed ideas.

Residents stay involved through later phases, too, such as by attending workshops or becoming community board members. However, it is also true that objections to ongoing plans may delay or cancel these efforts. The researchers mentioned instances where some residents raised concerns about potential gentrification or the loss of parking spots in heavily trafficked areas.

Another challenge arose when the early phases of a planned plaza included sturdy, heavy umbrellas, but the urban architects used lighter, more breakable ones. When one fell on and injured someone who filed a lawsuit, the plaza’s sponsor organization determined the best solution was to remove most umbrellas.

These examples show how landscape architects’ decisions may evolve due to community member input, unexpected shortcomings and other challenges. Being flexible when these issues arise is an excellent way to overcome them. Additionally, people who feel strongly about public space development should consider directly participating to ensure planners hear their feedback.

Community Engagement and Participation

The New York City case study emphasizes the importance of encouraging residents to get fully involved in the planning and creation of new public spaces. Public opinions can also illuminate areas planning officials have overlooked. In one case, a Florida resident last year began raising funds and educating people about the need for an all-inclusive playground. She contacted city officials to see if the area had any accessible playgrounds for her son with cerebral palsy. The woman soon discovered all those sites comply with the Americans With Disabilities Act, but none have equipment fully accessible to people who use wheelchairs or prosthetics.

Frequent, early and ongoing public input that enables participatory design significantly reduces the likelihood of costly oversights that require extensive rework or cause unfavorable press coverage from upset residents. Urban architects, city authorities and others must reduce potential barriers to public participation, for example by scheduling meetings, distributing surveys online or through door-to-door visits, and allowing people to give feedback anonymously if desired.

Challenges and Opportunities

Even as many people recognize the importance of sustainable public spaces, they acknowledge potential barriers, such as a lack of funding and difficulty navigating policy and regulation-related barriers. However, these obstacles also create opportunities for like-minded parties to work together, pooling knowledge and resources to achieve the best outcomes.

An example of the benefits of public-private partnerships comes from Texas and the non-profit Houston Parks Board, which has elevated publicly accessible spaces since 1976. The Bayou Greenways initiative is its largest effort yet, made possible with contributions from the Kinder Foundation, the City of Houston and the Houston Parks Board. It built and linked more than 150 miles of biking and walking trails. These changes facilitate access to more than 3,300 acres of green space bordering the city’s bayous.

Urban resilience also requires considering how to equip new or existing public spaces for the future. North Carolina officials did that by installing solar-powered electric vehicle chargers in three of its Raleigh parks. These models’ portability is one of their most convenient aspects. Since they do not require extensive electrical site work, authorities can easily move them to different locations depending on usage trends.

The Future of Sustainable Public Spaces

Landscape architecture is an exciting, emerging field. A showcase of new projects from Clemson University students studying the topic provided an exciting snapshot of current priorities. These included preserving native plant life; encouraging low-impact nature enjoyment; incorporating landscape-based water management; preserving historical sites when possible; and promoting gender equity in the built world.

Evolving policies and strong governance that support sustainable urban development are critical to upholding these priorities. Concerned community members can influence the future by signing petitions, contacting their local representatives and attending planning meetings.

Case Study: Chinese Cities

Researchers examined the long-term effects of China’s plans to bring more landscape architecture to its city centers, restoring the urban green spaces that development decisions had removed. 

They analyzed two decades of satellite data from 974 Chinese cities to measure the change and looked for five examples of vegetation dynamics, including greening, browning and reversal.

Although the data revealed that rapid urban expansions caused browning in the studied areas before 2011, the years after that demonstrated a recovery – more than 63% of the cities showed increased greening, and less than 15% had continuous browning. There was even continuous greening occurring in approximately 8% of the cities, indicating the prolonged benefits of these conscious efforts. 

Researchers noted that China’s national development strategies before 2011 centered on rapid urbanization. However, the decisions after that emphasized urban sustainability and created high-quality communities. Some of the most recent changes correlated with an increase in parks and a decrease in industrial zones, affecting urban cores. 

The study highlights how it is never too late to reverse urbanization changes that reduce greenery and sustainable public spaces, and national and local authorities are among those best positioned to cause lasting improvements.

Increased Usage Encourages Further Development

Those who appreciate the urban green spaces in their area can influence decision-makers by regularly visiting those locations and encouraging others to do the same. Getting even more involved, such as volunteering at parks or attending special events, encourages local authorities to allocate ongoing investments to these efforts and incorporate community feedback.

The post Sustainable Public Spaces: The Role of Landscape Architecture In Urban Resilience appeared first on Earth.Org.

As interest in the hydrogen economy grows, many think allowing developing countries to participate would unlock far-reaching, mutual benefits. Progress is possible, but achieving it is not as straightforward as it may seem. Collaboration will be a primary ingredient for success, alongside conscious efforts to identify and overcome barriers that might otherwise cause projects to fail.

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Setting specific clean energy goals for developing countries is an excellent start, but there must also be viable strategies for achieving them. Unfortunately, a 2025 study revealed notable delays for planned green hydrogen projects.

Researchers examined hydrogen production intentions for 2023, measuring how frequently people achieved their goals that year. They analyzed 1,232 projects announced globally, finding the high associated costs were significant barriers those involved were unwilling to bear. Such outcomes meant implementation occurred for only 7% of the publicized projects.

However, those studying this matter found continuing interest. For example, the number of announced hydrogen projects has nearly tripled in the past three years, but additional evidence suggests people may underestimate the actual costs. The study’s data indicated the projects need approximately US$1 trillion in additional subsidies for financial support.

The researchers advocated for a combined strategy to close the implementation gap, using direct subsidies and demand-side regulations in the short term and relying on a realistic foundation and robust approach for long-term adoption.

A World Bank program for emerging markets and developing countries recently contributed $1.5 billion in financing to advance green hydrogen and electrolyzers. It is believed that the anticipated improvements made possible with the bank’s support will generate 450,000 metric tons of green hydrogen and 1,500 MW of electrolyzers annually. Because these developments will also raise the country’s renewable electricity capacity, they should reduce emissions by 50 million tons per year. 

The initiative is part of the World Bank’s Hydrogen for Development partnership and aligns with the Indian energy ministry’s broader security strategy. This illustrates why leaders from developing countries must familiarize themselves with relevant programs and set clear goals to catch the attention of those distributing funds.

Labor Shortages and Knowledge Transfer

Successful participation in the hydrogen economy requires an adequate local labor force and subject matter expertise. Training people locally and sending global experts to supervise the work takes time and requires well-coordinated efforts. Additionally, those within developing countries must quantify the extent of existing labor shortages to help them chart a feasible path forward.

In 2024, the South African government published a report to identify the skills necessary for the country to participate in the hydrogen value chain. It identified 138 occupations within the hydrogen value chain. The research also found that 77 of these occupations do not exist inside the country’s Organizing Framework for Occupations (OFO), which the Department of Higher Education and Training uses to analyze the nation’s labor market. Even those reflected in the OFO may require learners to gain new skills or qualifications to compete.

However, it named several sector education and training authorities offering 27 work-related qualifications trainers could supplement to ensure curriculums include specifics to help green hydrogen professionals succeed. Collaboration between multiple relevant parties can close labor market gaps and nurture long-term stability for new participants in the clean energy transition.

Elsewhere, those familiar with hydrogen adoption potential and challenges have identified several labor-related difficulties for Latin American nations. A lack of domestic knowledge and skills increases already-high hydrogen development costs, and most of the region’s current projects need foreign support.

Clara Rabelo Caiafa, a doctoral researcher at Eindhoven University of Technology, is interested in how developing countries can unlock green power’s potential. She recognizes that knowledge transfer plays an important role, but although more nations have made knowledge-transfer commitments, many are frequently ineffective. They do not mobilize adequate resources and often prioritize donor nation interests over those receiving educational support, Caiafa argues.

Life Cycle Analyses

Water is the sole by-product of hydrogen energy, but research suggests that any nation considering increased participation in the hydrogen economy should first conduct complete life cycle analyses.

A June 2024 study revealed such projects do not always achieve the expected climate-related benefits. Developing nations relate to the research because Dutch researchers conducted it. Officials from the Netherlands have been making investments in countries with plentiful renewable power, including Namibia and Brazil.

The study involved environmental scientist Kiane de Kleijne calculating the greenhouse gas emissions associated with more than 1,000 planned hydrogen projects. The researcher noted that producing this gas does not emit CO2, but initiatives can only reduce emissions if they use clean energy. Even then, manufacturing wind turbines and solar panels has accompanying emissions.

De Kleijne clarified that full life cycle analyses may reveal that planned projects will not cause the hoped-for environmental gains. However, she recommended several strategies to maximize emissions reductions, including prioritizing countries best suited for renewable energy because of their abundant sunshine and wind.

She also argued that the transport-related emissions from sending hydrogen to far-flung countries can negate the environmental benefits, so decision-makers must choose the most appropriate methods. More specifically, her research indicated pipelines have the lowest transport emissions for short distances, while shipping is the least emissions-heavy option for longer journeys.

These particulars show the importance of considering all emissions sources and types before proceeding with any hydrogen project. Leaders of developing countries must take that balanced approach to prevent feeling disappointed by outcomes. In-depth research provides accurate life cycle analyses that inform them if it is time to take the next steps.

Overcoming Challenges to Maximize Opportunities

No hydrogen project is without obstacles, but those in developing nations may experience them more acutely than parties in better-resourced countries. Positively, though, many of them have ideal conditions for a prosperous energy transition, especially if their weather conditions support the ramping up of other renewable sources to complement hydrogen.

Since many proposed projects include developed countries supporting developing ones, concerned parties can participate in these efforts regardless of where they live. If people in developed nations hear their leaders may soon support green hydrogen production in a developing country, they should strongly consider encouraging them to remain aware of the issues identified here and elsewhere. Phone calls, emails, social media campaigns, and petitions from citizens can remind leaders that citizens have noticed and collectively advocate for the best outcomes.

Additionally, parties directly involved in implementing hydrogen-based clean energy programs should assess all potential locations to accurately understand the pros and cons. They must also develop realistic timelines to fill labor force, educational and infrastructural gaps. Periodic milestones can keep everyone accountable, while ongoing communication encourages entities to share their observations, difficulties and successes.

Determining the likely outcomes for increasing a developing country’s hydrogen production can take years. However, careful assessments give everyone reliable information to shape their decisions. Successful case studies can inspire other national leaders to become more serious about their previously casual aspirations, especially if these instances provide concrete recommendations.

Expanding the Hydrogen Economy

Including developing countries in the green energy transition can be a viable way to give them additional revenue streams and increase national competitiveness. Although this overview highlights some of the well-known challenges, it also illustrates the abundant opportunities that can strengthen a nation’s position among its global peers while providing more labor market opportunities for residents.

More on the topic: How Green Hydrogen Can Become a Cost-Competitive Climate Solution

The post The Hydrogen Economy: Opportunities and Challenges For Developing Countries appeared first on Earth.Org.

From energy-intensive production to e-waste generation, electronic devices are a major contributor to the climate crisis throughout their lifecycle. Understanding how electronics contribute to carbon emissions allows individuals to make informed choices to reduce their impact and embrace a more sustainable lifestyle.

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From the moment it is manufactured to the moment it is discarded, electronic devices leave an environmental trail. The production is a particularly power-intensive process, requiring the extraction of rare Earth metals and complex production processes that generate significant emissions.

Once in use, electronics contribute even more emissions, especially with the skyrocketing demand for web-surfing, social media, streaming, and video conferencing. In fact, these digital activities can account for up to 40% of the per capita carbon budget necessary to limit global warming to 1.5. Not to mention artificial intelligence. Disposal is the final challenge, with less than a quarter of all e-waste currently being recycled. Improper e-waste management releases toxic chemicals and worsens pollution. 

Understanding how a device’s life cycle impacts the environment lets individuals take steps to reduce their digital carbon footprint and contribute to a more sustainable future.

How to Measure the Environmental Impact of Technology

Three key metrics stand out in the carbon footprint of electronic devices: electricity usage, manufacturing emissions, and e-waste generation. 

Many do not realize how small, everyday habits can add up. For example, a single year of incoming emails can generate 136 kilograms of carbon emissions — the same as driving 320 kilometers (198.8 miles) in an average car.

Streaming videos, web browsing and cloud storage contribute to energy consumption, too, especially in regions where power comes from fossil fuels. By tracking personal tech use — like monitoring screen time or managing storage — people can pinpoint areas for improvement. Likewise, deleting unnecessary emails, unplugging chargers or activating energy-saving settings can significantly reduce a digital carbon footprint and make tech use more sustainable.

The Role of Electronic Devices in Accelerating Climate Change

E-waste is becoming one of the fastest-growing environmental challenges, with millions of discarded devices piling up in landfills every year. These electronics release toxic chemicals like lead, mercury and cadmium, which seep into soil and water, harming ecosystems and human health. As consumers upgrade their gadgets more frequently, the volume of e-waste continues to climb.

On the digital front, data centers drive a surge in carbon emissions as cloud-based services expand. Powering and cooling these massive facilities requires enormous amounts of electricity, much of which still comes from fossil fuels. Streaming videos, storing files in the cloud and running digital communications all contribute to this growing demand.

By 2040, digital data storage could account for 14% of the world’s total emissions — the same amount the US emitted in 2021. Combined with the demand from everyday products like smart devices, the digital world’s reliance on fossil fuels accelerates climate change. Without a shift to cleaner sources and more sustainable tech habits, the environmental impact of the digital age will only intensify.

How Everyday Gadgets Add Up

Everyday tech accessories like chargers and earbuds come with hidden environmental costs that often go unnoticed. These seemingly small gadgets require power-intensive manufacturing processes and resource extraction, leaving a considerable carbon footprint. Adding to the problem is planned obsolescence — where products are deliberately designed to have shorter lifespans, which pushes consumers to replace devices more frequently.

This constant cycle of upgrades creates a surge in e-waste and further depletes valuable resources. As a result, human activities — including unchecked electronic consumption — have driven global temperatures to increase over the past 200 years. The significant increase has resulted in severe consequences for ecosystems and weather patterns.

On a global scale, the cumulative impact of electronic consumption is staggering. Billions of devices — from the smallest to larger electronics — collectively contribute to emissions through production, usage and disposal. While individual accessories may seem insignificant, the sheer number of these hardware worldwide amplifies their environmental toll. Combined with the constant demand for newer models, this unsustainable cycle accelerates the climate crisis.

Steps to Reduce Your Electronic Carbon Footprint

Reducing the carbon footprint of electronic devices doesn’t require drastic changes — small, intentional steps can make a big difference. Making smarter choices can minimize waste, conserve energy and help combat climate change.

Before Purchase

One of the simplest ways to lower electronics’ environmental impact is to buy refurbished or second-hand gear. Choosing pre-owned tech extends the life span of existing products and reduces the need for new manufacturing, which is a major source of carbon emissions and resource depletion. 

For those who prefer buying new products, opting for efficient models is practical. Devices with certifications like Energy Star minimize electricity consumption and lower emissions over time. Prioritizing refurbished gadgets and alternative options can reduce digital footprints while saving money.

During Use

Optimizing consumption is a simple yet impactful way to reduce the environmental impact of electronic equipment. Many continue to draw power when turned off — a phenomenon known as “phantom energy” — which adds to waste and unnecessary emissions. Unplugging chargers and using smart power strips can help prevent this hidden drain.

Updating software and replacing worn-out batteries can also extend the lifespan of electronics, reducing the need for new ones. Individuals can use renewable sources like solar chargers to power smaller devices for a greater impact. These steps conserve power and create a more sustainable relationship with technology.

After Use

Recycling electronics is crucial in tackling the growing e-waste crisis. Between 2014 and 2020, greenhouse gas emissions from electronics and their associated e-waste increased by 53%. Certified e-waste recycling programs are essential in recovering valuable materials like metals and plastics while safely managing toxic chemicals that could otherwise harm the environment. Sensitive materials like hard drives can be shredded or degaussed with a magnet so that items can be recycled immediately without data leak risks. 

Individuals can donate or resell devices that still work, giving them a second life and reducing the demand for new production. These actions can help cut emissions, conserve resources and minimize the harmful effects of discarded electronics on the planet. 

Small Changes Lead to Big Environmental Impact

Recycling electronics responsibly and reducing electricity consumption may seem like small acts, but they can create a significant impact when millions of people do them. Sustainable habits and holding industries accountable can reduce emissions and protect the planet for future generations.

The post The Hidden Environmental Cost of Your Devices And Actionable Steps to Reduce It appeared first on Earth.Org.

In our contemporary society, the prevalence of throwaway culture has reached unprecedented levels, reshaping the ways in which we interact with goods and resources. This article delves into the complexities of throwaway culture, exploring its origins, implications, and the urgent need for sustainable alternatives in a world accustomed to fleeting convenience.

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Before the days of instant orders, overnight shipping, and mass production, people created clothes and other items that lasted for years. Nowadays, you can find everything you need in a single click or tap on a screen. It might make life easier, but there is no doubt that it is much worse for the planet.

Throwaway culture is the practice of throwing something out after a single use. It can also include things that end up in landfills after a few days or weeks of usage.

Examples of Throwaway Culture Waste

There is no way to make everything last forever, so what counts as throwaway waste? These are a few examples of how people knowingly or accidentally contribute to climate change.

1. Fast Fashion

Major fashion brands produce seasonal styles, but consumer fashion companies create new products much faster. Your favourite stores or apps likely introduce new clothes weekly. It is a form of throwaway culture called fast fashion, which produces 92 million tons of waste annually on a global scale.

The fast fashion industry is the second-biggest consumer of water and is responsible for about 10% of global carbon emissions – more than all international flights and maritime shipping combined.

Fast fashion encourages people to buy new clothes for just a few dollars and throw away their out-of-style clothing. The out-of-style looks are often clothes created just weeks or months ago. The excess fabrics and products sit in landfills for decades, leading to environmental pollution.

You might also like: Fast Fashion and Its Environmental Impact

2. Traditional Construction Methods

When individuals set out to purchase a residential or commercial property, the construction practices involved often contribute significantly to global warming. Heavy machinery powered by fossil fuels operates for months on end, while construction teams generate substantial waste in the form of discarded scaffolding, concrete, and surplus building materials.

The alarming levels of waste generated by the construction industry have spurred experts to devise more sustainable building methods to meet the growing demand for infrastructure. The advent of green construction techniques not only benefits the environment but also promotes better health for all. Forward-thinking construction teams now employ zero-emission materials and cutting-edge air filtration systems to minimize carbon dioxide emissions and safeguard air quality.

You might also like: 5 Ways the Construction Industry Is Getting Greener

3. Coffee Pods

Coffee pods are another examples of an everyday item contributing to our throwaway culture. While convenience has driven the popularity of these products, their environmental impact is undeniable.

Around 39,000 capsules are produced every minute globally, with up to 29,000 of these ending up in landfill.

Plastic coffee pods have inundated our waterways with pollutants, endangering aquatic life globally. Opting for reusable or compostable alternatives can significantly reduce your ecological footprint and contribute to a healthier planet.

4. Six-Pack Rings

Similarly, the ubiquity of plastic six-pack rings poses a grave threat to our ecosystems, as these materials often end up in landfills after a single use. Choosing beverages that eschew plastic packaging can help mitigate environmental harm and lessen your carbon footprint.

5. Paper Towels

Even seemingly innocuous items like paper towels, used in households on a daily basis, have a detrimental effect on the environment. The deforestation required to produce these disposable products, coupled with their slow decomposition in landfills, underscores the urgent need for more sustainable alternatives such as hand towels or washcloths.

Live a More Sustainable Lifestyle

Adopting a more sustainable lifestyle is not only beneficial for the planet but also for personal well-being. By making conscious choices to reduce single-use waste, whether by engaging with eco-conscious construction practices or embracing biodegradable alternatives in daily routines, individuals can play a vital role in minimising their carbon footprint and fostering a healthier, more environmentally friendly world for future generations.”

This article was originally published on December 21, 2022.

You might also like: The Truth About Online Shopping and Its Environmental Impact

The post Throwaway Culture Is Drowning Us in Waste appeared first on Earth.Org.

Advanced biophilic and sustainable design is gaining traction as architects and developers recognize its decisive role in achieving net-zero carbon goals. 

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This approach goes beyond reducing emissions. It enhances the quality of life by connecting occupants with nature, optimizing light and improving air quality while cutting down energy use.

Advanced sustainable designs can reduce consumption with high-impact materials like low-emissivity (Low-E) glass, high-performance insulation and living green systems. These features make them essential for climate-conscious projects. Investing in these eco-friendly strategies fosters a more harmonious future for people and the planet.

Advanced Biophilic Design in Modern Architecture

Biophilic design is evolving far beyond adding greenery to urban landscapes. Today’s architects create ecosystems within buildings to help foster nature’s essential benefits in dense urban areas. Experts believe the shift toward biophilic architecture can drive sustainability by embedding natural processes into everyday spaces, helping to address urban challenges like resource scarcity and limited access to green areas.

Through innovative features like living walls, rooftop gardens and green corridors, biophilic design reconnects people with nature. It creates urban ecosystems that support biodiversity, manage stormwater and improve air quality. This approach positions buildings as active contributors to urban sustainability, bringing nature’s systems into spaces where they are often missing.

The synergy between biomimicry and biophilia drives this transformation as architects increasingly look to nature for inspiration. By mimicking processes like the self-cooling techniques of termite mounds or the efficient energy capture of leaves, architects can craft buildings that optimize electricity use and create healthier environments for occupants.

Biophilic design offers measurable benefits, from increased thermal comfort and productivity to enhanced emotional well-being. It improves the look of urban spaces and builds a sustainable environment that supports the planet and its inhabitants.

Low-Emissivity Glass in Advanced Sustainable Design

Low-E glass has become fundamental in advanced sustainable design because it offers powerful energy-saving benefits without sacrificing natural light. Minimizing heat transfer and reducing glare help create comfortable, efficient indoor environments that support environmental goals.

The Nature of Low-E Glass

Low-E glass coatings come in two main types – soft-coat and hard-coat. Each offers unique benefits for energy performance in buildings. 

Soft-coat Low-E glass provides excellent insulation by reflecting infrared energy, making it ideal for retaining indoor heat in cooler climates. It works best in double- or multipane windows because it is more delicate than hard-coat Low-E glass, which is fused during manufacturing. This process creates a more durable surface suitable for single-pane windows, though hard-coat glass does not insulate as effectively as soft-coat alternatives.

Spectrally selective coatings add versatility by filtering out infrared heat while allowing visible light to pass through. These coatings are particularly valuable in warm climates. They help reduce cooling costs by keeping interiors bright without heat gain, making Low-E glass a key component in energy-efficient, comfortable buildings year-round.

Thermal and Visual Comfort

Low-E glass allows natural light to enter while blocking unwanted heat, helping maintain a stable thermal envelope. Traditional windows can lead to major energy loss, with up to 25% to 30% of residential usage and about 30% in commercial buildings stemming from heat that passes through windows.

Low-E glass reduces this loss by reflecting infrared energy. It keeps interiors cooler during hot months and warmer in the winter, lessening reliance on heating and cooling systems. This selective control of heat and light allows for bright, naturally lit spaces without the added costs.

Integrative Applications

Using Low-E glass with passive solar design and dynamic shading optimizes energy management. Passive solar methods focus on strategically orienting and designing structures to harness sunlight for natural heating in winter. Meanwhile, they block the harsh summer sun to keep interiors cool.

When paired with dynamic shading solutions – such as automated blinds or exterior shades – buildings can adjust to changing light conditions throughout the day. This smart combination reduces energy costs and maximizes natural light, making interiors bright and inviting while reducing the need for artificial heating and cooling.

Sustainable Design Principles for High-Performance Spaces

Design principles for high-performance spaces aim to create resilient buildings that benefit the environment and occupants. Steps like reducing embodied carbon, maximizing resource efficiency and improving indoor air quality can support ecological goals and human health.

Carbon-Neutral Goals

Net-zero design targets innovative, sustainable architecture. It pushes for buildings that balance the energy they consume with the renewable energy they generate. A big part of this goal focuses on reducing embodied carbon – the hidden carbon footprint tied to producing and transporting building resources and the construction process.

The use of sustainable materials like recycled steel or low-carbon concrete creates buildings with lower embodied carbon and longer, more efficient life cycles. This is essential because nearly 40% of the country’s carbon footprint comes from electricity alone. Combining smart material choices with practical design elements lowers a building’s environmental impact and supports a cleaner, greener future.

Material Transparency and Life Cycle Assessment

Full life cycle analysis helps architects and developers make material choices that benefit the environment long-term. This approach considers the entire journey of the material – from production and transport to use and disposal – to ensure the environmental impact is low at every stage. 

Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs) are crucial in this process because they offer transparent, standardized data on a material’s carbon footprint, energy consumption and emissions. With EPDs, designers can make informed choices aligned with sustainability goals. They can select materials that support a building’s efficiency and eco-friendliness from start to finish. By focusing on full life cycle analysis and EPDs, designers can reduce emissions and set up projects to be environmentally responsible for decades.

Operational and Embodied Energy

To create eco-friendly spaces, sustainable design must address energy usage during a building’s life along with its embodied energy. Buildings in the US account for 75% of all electricity use, underscoring the need to cut operational and embodied energy to move closer to ecological goals.

Usage during a building’s life covers everything needed for daily operations, from heating and cooling to lighting and appliances. Strategies to lower this rate include installing efficient HVAC systems, using LED lighting and drawing on renewable sources like solar power.

Choosing low-impact materials – like recycled metals or low-carbon concrete – can reduce a building’s environmental footprint before it is occupied.

Integrating Sustainable Materials 

Incorporating Low-E glass and other efficient materials into biophilic and sustainable design can greatly enhance a building’s energy performance and environmental impact. The careful choice of resources and design elements creates spaces that maximize natural light, reduce demands and foster a deep connection with nature. 

You can integrate Low-E glass and other sustainable materials into your biophilic design through these practical steps:

• Define energy and environmental goals: Establish clear efficiency and sustainability targets to guide material and design choices based on project needs.
• Analyze climate considerations: To optimize heat retention or reflection, select the appropriate type of Low-E glass based on local climate conditions. For example, flat glass covers over 50% of the exterior surface area in modern skyscrapers. However, it conducts heat quickly and results in higher consumption.
• Consult with sustainability experts: Engage a consultant to conduct a life cycle assessment, ensuring materials have low embodied carbon and high EPDs.
• Orient the building for solar benefits: Plan window placements and building orientation to leverage passive solar heating in colder months and avoid excess heat gain in warmer months.
• Incorporate dynamic shading systems: Use automated blinds or louvers to adjust shading and allow natural light without excessive heat.
• Add biophilic elements thoughtfully: Integrate natural materials, living walls and green roofs to enhance indoor air quality and foster a stronger connection with nature.
• Target green building certifications: Aim for certifications like LEED or WELL, which provide a framework for incorporating sustainable practices and efficient materials throughout the design process.

These steps create structures that meet performance standards and enrich occupants’ connection with the natural environment.

Exploring these advanced strategies for incorporating Low-E glass and sustainable materials allows architects to push the boundaries of what’s possible in environmental design. By adopting these techniques, it’s possible to create areas that are energy-efficient and deeply connected to nature.

You might also like: Exploring the Economic and Social Benefits of Sustainable Buildings

The post A Guide to Biophilic and Sustainable Design With Low-Emissivity Glass and Other Efficient Materials appeared first on Earth.Org.

Biogas is one of the most revolutionary options in transportation fuels. The construction and industrial sectors are so reliant on fossil fuel-powered fleets that they need a more environmentally conscious alternative. Biogas provides climate boons in addition to a long list of other advantages. If corporations implement it, how could it change the future of these sectors?

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As the industry continues to educate itself about biogas and its advantages, it may consider transitioning to sourcing it from third parties or producing it internally. Corporations simply require access to organic waste to facilitate the breakdown process and capture the gases emitted. Feedstocks may include food scraps, plant matter, sewage or animal waste.

Biogas production occurs through anaerobic digestion in an oxygen-free enclosed environment. This process yields a mixture of gases, utilized as a sustainable alternative to natural gas, particularly in powering construction vehicles and urban transportation, offering an eco-friendly solution to fuel needs.

Biogas is also retrievable from one of the most destructive environments in existence: landfills. Anaerobic decomposition and other processes occur as the landfill ages, releasing biogas in the form of 50-70% methane and 30-50% carbon dioxide, among other gases.

Biogas, that for this reason is sometimes also called biomethane, is a plentiful and accessible resource needed to reduce the emissions of some of the world’s most polluting sectors, and both the construction industry and cities must adopt it. Ignoring all other forms of transit, construction fleets alone account for 2.4-5.5% of carbon emissions. Overall, the construction sector is estimated to use around 40% of the world’s energy, an amount only set to increase with further urbanization and population growth. In turn, transportation is responsible for 23% of global carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel combustion. 

Decarbonizing both construction and urban transportation systems with biogas is possible by observing land use patterns, advocating for low-carbon options, and making sustainable options desirable and viable.

Utilization

Construction fleets and cities have put biogas into practice en masse, showing what it could be like at scale if more organizations relied on it to power their operations. 

Advantages

Governments and organizations would benefit from investing in biogas capture. The most apparent benefit is reduced emissions. Biogas has a lower greenhouse gas impact than any fossil fuel. Using a combustion-free method allows for cleaner air on construction sites and city centers, which in turn would improve public health.

Moreover, the production of biogas is more cost-effective than burning fossil fuels. Studies conducted at a biogas plant in India have demonstrated that the plant can reduce energy expenses by 20-30%.

By utilizing 100 tons of compressed biogas daily to substitute compressed natural gas, the environmental impact is akin to removing 24,030 cars from the roads for a year. When resources are readily available, biogas emerges as an economical alternative, diminishing a nation’s reliance on external energy sources. This consistency in production costs leads to affordable and consistent energy pricing for businesses and consumers, extending beyond the realms of construction and public transportation.

For instance, in the US, several starch-producing cassava processing facilities employ anaerobic biodigesters coupled with reciprocating generator sets to harness biogas. These facilities utilize biogas to generate their own power, thereby cutting costs and reducing reliance on heavy fuel oil and grid electricity. Additionally, some farms and industries that operate heavy machinery utilize livestock feeder operations to capture and store substantial amounts of livestock manure. Instead of releasing methane and carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, they convert biogas into fuel for specialized engines.

The bioavailability and renewability of biogas are also advantageous, given supply chain struggles and the continually diminishing supply of finite natural resources. Construction companies and cities could have autonomy over feedstock production. Energy independence improves societal stability, giving polluting industries like urban transportation and construction an improved public image in a climate-conscious world. Cities known for their robust public transport systems can further boost their reputation and potentially increase population by leveraging sustainable fuels.

Challenges

Biogas infrastructure is still limited around the world, a factor that is hindering widespread adoption. Corporations interested in becoming biogas stakeholders must advocate for legislation to promote buildout, much like how the US Inflation Reduction Act encouraged solar and geothermal technology expansion. This will also help ease initial investment costs in the needed technologies. 

Vehicle and machinery makers will also need to make cars compatible with biomethane. Focusing on making future cars biomethane-compatible is critical, but retrofitting existing models with biogas can begin the transition sooner. For example, the bioCNG retrofit methodology has already been successfully tested on a bus and tractor. Testing by other companies continues, opening the way for diesel-powered vehicles to be transformed into biomethane-fueled ones.

Case Studies

Several cities have already incorporated this type of energy. Swedish capital Stockholm has integrated it into some of its public transportation, including buses and trucks, as a promise to the region’s air quality and emission reduction efforts. Sweden’s successful implementation of biogas in some of their cars, buses and trucks inspired research in Morocco to see if it could make its own biogas to fuel 300 buses. Morocco imports 91% of its energy so the initiative would be a monumental win for energy independence and eliminating fossil fuel reliance. Simulations suggested a transition is possible.

Bristol in the UK has made  similar strides in exploring biogas in public transport. Its biomethane-powered buses can travel 300 kilometers (186 miles). Over those distances, they make up to 30% less carbon emissions and 80% less nitrogen oxides.

Construction companies have several options to help with biogas production. They can either help build biogas plants while transitioning to more sustainable practices or use biogas-powered construction vehicle fleets. Mortenson Construction has helped Maryland’s Montgomery County expand sustainable public transit through a new biogas-enabled facility. The project, which forms part of the County’s goal to reach net zero carbon emissions by 2035, will reduce the lifetime emissions of local buses by an estimated 155,000 tons.

Integration in Urban Transport Systems and Construction

Infrastructure Buildout

The first step to integrating biogas in transport systems and construction is to address infrastructure requirements. Biogas fueling stations must be readily accessible for public transit and long-distance construction haulers. Research to determine the most frequent routes these industries use would permit strategic placement.

Adoption and expansion of biogas in transportation and other sectors will require convenience and accessibility to infrastructure. Effective infrastructure will require stations being connected to production facilities, and these facilities will need to be convenient for public transport, construction vehicles and other fleet owners interested in renewable energy to access. This accessibility and builtout infrastructure will need the involvement and funding of various stakeholders, including the private sector to promote biogas energy to the market and make this energy source commercially viable. Other stakeholders may include governments, financial institutions, the media, lobby groups and local communities. 

With various stakeholders onboard, fleet owners in various sectors will then consider investing in renewable vehicles and fleets.  

Organizations can work with existing landfills to start production. The US has 475 million cubic feet of biogas escaping daily from 450 neglected landfills. Connecting to these would be an immediate energy pipeline.

Regulatory Action

Laws provide much needed incentives for choosing biogas, and standardization will make it consistent and viable. Everyone from urban planners to construction engineers must contribute insights to regulatory agencies to inform early framework drafts. This will make biogas as sustainable as possible and enforce requirements for construction companies and urban development.

Public Awareness

Education is the pillar of expansion. If the public is aware of the benefits of biogas, it will advocate for its adoption on a city or company’s behalf, too. Using bioavailable materials also engages citizens in circular economic mindsets, expanding their perception of a greener society by finding cleaner transportation formats with renewable options.

Future Outlook and Recommendations

With infrastructure buildout, regulatory action and public awareness, the future of biogas could be lucrative and optimistic for planetary emissions. Increased interest means greater investments and expanded research on biogas refinement. This could heighten the purity to work better in technologies or prove certain concentrations have better fuel economy than others.

Biogas blending is also being researched. It could be the intermediary fuel option before complete adoption. Stations could mix natural gas with biogas as vehicles and equipment retrofits, allowing for a gradual adoption while still reducing emissions. 

Individuals may also assume responsibility for biogas production. Other biofuels, like biodiesel, can be made at home with a few ingredients. What is stopping households and smaller construction businesses from decentralizing biogas production? It could offset costs, alleviate accessibility burdens for rural operations, and engage local populations in renewable topics.

Biogas has as much potential to change urban regions and the construction industry as any other renewable energy. The only factor standing in its way is public interest informed by education. Sharing knowledge about the benefits of readily available, usable biogas could motivate corporations to take the initiative. Collaboration and advocacy are key to transforming fossil fuel-dependent machinery and vehicles, especially in high-polluting sectors.

The post Biogas: A Game Changer for Construction Fleet and Urban Transport Emissions appeared first on Earth.Org.

A growing interest in home decor and sustainability has millennials rethinking how they decorate their spaces and what materials they use. When it comes to fast furniture, millennials want something different – more durable, unique and kind to the planet. Antique and reclaimed wood have continued to fill people’s homes, impacting the style and feel of rooms and reducing their carbon footprint. Here’s how millennials have taken an environmentally friendly approach to furniture design.

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Mass-produced furniture – usually referred to as “fast furniture” – is manufactured rapidly and inexpensively and sold at big-name retailers or online. Often, the materials are of lower quality and prone to breaking or other damage, resulting in frequent repairs and excess waste.

Fast furniture typically contains less sustainable and durable materials, such as a particle board console with a laminate coating, which is difficult to fix. Lumpy or flat furniture cushions are easier to replace. Fast furniture may also contain harmful chemicals and carcinogens like formaldehyde, benzene and vinyl acetate. 

Cheaply-made furniture is not meant to last very long – desks and beds from major retailers have a lifespan of about five years, on average. Of course, this results in overflowing landfills. According to the US Environmental Protection Agency, in 2018 furniture accounted for 4.1% of landfill waste (12.1 million metric tons), compared to 2.2 million metric tons in 1960. 

Millennials have moved away from such materials to furnish their homes. According to research, this demographic of homeowners now leans into the “grandmillennial style” – an integration of clean, contemporary design and older interiors reminiscent of a grandmother’s home. This helps them create a sense of familiarity and nostalgia in their space.

Sustainability is also at play. According to one study, 62% of millennials prefer to buy from sustainable brands, while 68% are willing to spend more on environmentally friendly products. 

Anna Brockway – the co-founder of online vintage furniture retailer Chairish – correlates the findings with a consumer study conducted by her company. She says 58% of millennials agree the resale market is sustainable. Antique furniture is also about 80% less expensive to furnish your home with unique, older items. 

Benefits of Antique and Reclaimed Materials

There are numerous reasons why millennials opt for antique or reclaimed materials to furnish their houses. Salvaged wood adds warmth, comfort and rustic charm to any space. Sometimes, these materials also maintain historical significance, making a great conversation starter. Above all else, their sustainability is most important to people and the environment.

Ecological Impact

Forests maintain significant commercial value. Raw wood materials are used throughout construction and manufacturing, yet their extraction contributes to widespread deforestation. This has been particularly detrimental to global warming impacts and biodiversity loss.

According to the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), between 2010 and 2020, the net loss in forests globally was 4.7 million hectares per year. However, deforestation rates were much higher. FAO estimates that 10 million hectares of forest are cut down each year.

Unfortunately, much of deforestation occurs in the tropics, where rich species have intricate relationships with the ecosystem and are greatly affected by human logging. Brazil is responsible for 136 cubic millimeters of global industrial wood production, including furniture construction. About 12.9 cubic millimeters are derived from native forests, while an additional 34%-95% come from illegal logging.

More on the topic: 10 Deforestation Facts You Should Know About

Using antique and reclaimed wood materials for furniture and finishes prevents further deforestation of the world’s most precious woodland ecosystems. Giving older natural materials a second life in design also reduces waste and decreases the amount of carbon dioxide released from timber extraction and transportation.

Durability

Reclaimed and antique furnishings are popular among millennials because of their durability. For instance, antique wood materials produced from trees 100-300 years ago came from forests left unspoiled for centuries.  

Wood’s dense fibers and tight tree rings are attributed to its long natural growth period, making it more resistant to termites and rot. Wood has also undergone numerous cycles of expansion and contraction from humidity fluctuations – a reason why reclaimed plank flooring withstands warping better. 

Overall, millennials feel assured that salvaged wood materials will last a long time with proper care, avoiding the need to replace their furniture repeatedly.

Unique Aesthetics

Because today’s homeowners want to fill their homes with unique pieces, salvaged and historic wood materials allow them to build customized furniture from whatever is available. Subtle aesthetic designs could include reclaimed wood for a fireplace mantel, open shelves or a headboard. They might also install old wood beams on the ceiling.

The unique textures, grains and other imperfections add warmth to each space, much more than today’s mass-produced finishes. This leaves millennials with the one-of-a-kind appearance they want. 

How to Take a Sustainable Stance on Home Furniture

You can also choose a sustainable stance on furniture by avoiding fast production like so many millennials have. Leaning into antique and reclaimed wood materials will enhance your interior style’s timeless appeal and sustainability. Here are three ways to utilize environmentally friendly wood in your furniture options. 

1. Make Conscious Purchasing Decisions

Do your research when buying antique lumber, including where and when it originated, how it was processed and whether it has been labeled by the Forest Stewardship Council or Cradle to Cradle. These certifications ensure the wood is sustainable, of premium quality and made to last.

Always examine the materials’ condition before purchasing. Are there signs of structural deterioration? You should also check for pest damage, such as woodworms. While these are not deal-breakers when buying salvaged materials, they may require restoration or treatment to return the wood to its former glory without compromising its character.

1. Source antique and reclaimed materials locally

Lumber accounts for 34% of carbon emissions when shipped from the manufacturer to the consumer. As such, you will want to source antique and reclaimed wood furniture materials locally. Nearby antique stores are a treasure trove of unique pieces, while salvage yards, barns and industrial buildings often have abundant reclaimed, affordable options, such as doors and window frames.  

You can also find plenty of antique and reclaimed wood furnishings online, through social media or online auctions. Don’t forget the power of word-of-mouth recommendations, connecting with local artisans and attending community craft fairs to find the best sustainable materials.

2. DIY with sustainable materials

There are endless possibilities for do-it-yourself furniture using reclaimed and antique wood materials. For example, you could use old wooden doors to make a headboard or reclaimed wood planks to build a coffee table. 

Salvaged metal and glass can inspire other types of home decor and furniture, even when used to embellish wood pieces. Antique glass bottles could make beautiful vases, while recycled glass can be used to create mosaic or epoxy tabletops. 

3. Buy second-hand items

You can always invest in actual antique furniture for your home. Reusing a secondhand piece is one less newly manufactured furnishing. 

Antique malls, thrift shops and consignment stores are ideal places to find beautifully curated items in your community. Flea markets, garage sales and fairs are other sources. 

Remember to check out online marketplaces for antique furniture or tools, such as Facebook Marketplace, to see who sells antique treasures nearby. 

Antique and reclaimed wood furniture delivers the quintessential rustic charm for a pleasing aesthetic while saving the planet. Although there is nothing wrong with modern flair, taking a stance on the small aspects adds up and helps create a more eco-conscious world.

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